Rotary valve for internal combustion engines



Oct. 16, 1934.

ROTARY VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Dec. 25, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet. l

J. VANDER ELST ET AL 1,977,025 I O Oct. 16, 1934. J.- VANDER ELST m AL 1,977,025

ROTARY VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Dec. 23, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet, 2

, %m a we (54% Fatented Get. 16, 134 t ROTARY :VAVLVE FOR INTERNAL- ooMBUs'rioN ENGINES Jean Vander Elst, Blanden-Louvain, and Joannes; Franciscus Backx, Louvain, Belgium Application December 23, 1932, Serial No. 648,666

In Belgium August 2, 1932 2 Claims. (Cl. 123190) The present invention relates to internal comder and'forming'apartial cover thereon; this bustion engines of the type comprising a rotary intermediaryelement 3'. may also be cast with valve distribution formed by means of a cylinthecylinder body and comprises a jacket for the drical body, in which channels are provided ca-.J circulationof cooling water. This half-bearing 5 pable of putting the cylinder or cylinders'of the 3 thus freely movable and slightly pressed by the Oil engine successively in communication with the springs 25 constitutes a cradle for the rotary intake and the exhaust. This cylindrical rotary valve 1, the upper half of which is coveredbyvalve is generally mountediina casing formed the upper half-bearing 4. This latter'is rigidly with two half-bearings in which the valve rofixed to the cylinder wall 5 by means of bolts 1'7.

tates, eventually with interposition. of ball bear.-' The valve 1 is mounted at its ends in roller or 65 ings; the lower half-bearing constitutes .a cover ball bearings 19, Fig. 4 and preferably the upper for the cylinder end and has an intake port giv half-bearing is not in contact with the valve 1. v ing passage to the'cylinder space; this half-bear- As a result, at each explosion, the bearings 19 ing is relatively movable with respect to the cyl. will have to resist a stress tending to lift the roinder, whereastheupper half-bearing is rigidly tary valve and must be constructed accordingly. IQ

fixed to the cylind r W ll, h m ility 'of the The cylinder .5 communicates with the rotary lower half-bearing securing a sufficiently supple valve through a channel (3 provided in the floatand yielding position of the valveiso as to avoid ing stopper element 26 described hereafter. running hot seizing Of'thiS V vea .As illustrated, the upper half-bearing 4 com- A r in o the p n inv n nd for the pletely and tightlyencloses the lower-half-bear- I5 purpose of preventing to a maximum the transing 3; 7 and 8 designate respectively the intake mission of the explosion and compression presand exhaust ports provided in the upper cover 4, sures ofwthe cy 1111011 t y Valve, the and 9 and 10 designate respectively the intake half-bearing situated betweenthe rotary valve nde ha t ports provided in th lower halfand t e cylinder end will be mounted upon a fix bearing 3. The latter has also a circulation of 80 eleme t fo m n h the ty t f end cooling water which communicates with that of Over a determined in this auxlllaly the co'ver 3 with interposition of rubber rings 11. ment is mounted a rel tiv y m v p The four channels 2 successively work for instopper of particular construction, the arrangetake and exhaust Said channels 2 have their -'I ment being Such that Said Stopper will only walls not strictly parallel to each other; they are 85 ceive a reduce'd portion t the explostort of a larger section at A than at B, so as to differsure of the cyhgnder and W111 only transttnt, Sald entiate the period of exhaust from that of intake. pressure to the rotary valve through a frictional The cooling Water accumulating heat tends to contact of the smallest possible area existing beequalize the temperature of the passages 9 and 10 tween Said Stopper and the mtary Valveand it results therefrom that the intake is heated 0 cording to the invention;

' the motor, along a plane containing the rotary The invention will be described hereafter with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a vertical axial section through an engine cylinder fitted with a rotary valve acand that the exhaust is cooled by said circulating water.

The rotary motion of the valve is secured by the crank-shaft and by means of a convenient transmission either by endless chains or toothed gears.

In the central portion of the half-bearing 3 and of the intermediary element 3 is mounted a particular stopper 26, constructed in the shape of valve axis a piston having two diameters. This stopper is with reference to Fig 1, the rotary valve 1 cylindrically bored and this bore ends in a cone is formed by means of a hollow cylindrical body, towardsvthe upper and t in a project in which are provided four curved channels 2, mg Pottlon 32 a slot C Opemng upon the rotary 5 Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate an axial section and a plan view of the particular stopper used in the latter form of embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section through a part of which Open into the periphery of the cylindrical valve. Rings 30 and 31 secure tightness with the body t A and The 1Ower half-bearing 3 for bores made in the elements 3 and 3' and a helical the valve is placed upon the end of the cylinder Spring 29 S y p s the pp 26 against 5 with interposition of at least four helical the Va v springs 25 fixed and lodged upon an intermediary The fuel mixture is sucked through the chanelement 3' rigidly fixed at the end of the cylinnels 9 and 2, and conducted towards the cylinder 5 through the slot C and the bore of the stopper 26.

The stopper 26 closes the cylinder chamber although securing a friction and pressure surface as small as possible against the rotary valvel. i

Lubrication is secured by an oil compartment 36 having an overflow and fed by the usual oil pump of the engine. The oil container is provided with a wick contacting with the roller 27, which is rotated by the rotary valve, so that a regular and complete lubrication is performed.

The cooling channel 28 also communicates with the water circulation of the valve and the cooling pump (not shown) of the engine.

At the moment of explosion, the stopper 26 undergoes a supplementary thrust which is transmitted to the rotary valve through the friction surface 26' surrounding the slotC; which, for the purpose, is of the smallest possible area. A smaller excess of pressure is exerted upon the stopper 26 during the compression stroke, and such excess of pressure prevents the escape of the compressed fuel mixture between the contacting surfaces 26.

In this embodiment, the half-bearing 3 only affords passage for intake and exhaust and for securing lubrication, and this half-bearing has no other pressure effect than that from springs 25.

It must be said that the stopper 26 does not necessarily require the shape of a cylindrical piston, but this shape is preferable, as tightness may be more easily secured by means of piston rings.

This construction provides for a reduced friction and a more intensive lubrication between the rotary valve and its casing;

This construction allows an easy dismantling of the engine, so that the stopper 26 may be instantaneously replaced. V

The rotary distribution according to the present invention secures an advantageous and simple construction, as many mechanical elements are eliminated, such as cam shafts, automatic valves, multiple slide valves and the like.

Wear upon the elements is automatically compensated and the pressure and friction upon the rotary valve remain nearly constant, and cooling is easily controlled and adjusted. By removing the cover 18, it is possible to observe the Working of the lubrication. As the valve rotates slowly owing to the plurality of inner channels, and by the fact that the construction remains essentially symmetrical and of rigid mechanical calculation, the engine works noiselessly.

We claim:

1. A rotary valve for an internal combustion engine, comprising a tubular rotary member having inner transversely arranged channels, turning in a ported casing constituted by means at two half-bearings, one half-bearing being free and yielding between the tubular valve member and a cover closing the cylinder end, said halfbearing and cover having corresponding passages opening in the cylinder, bearings supporting the rotary valve member at each end, a stopper tightly fitting in said passages and yielding against the rotary valve member and having a bore andslot for securing communication between the rotary valve member and the cylinder, the other half-bearing tightly enclosing the 150 aforesaid one being bolted to the cylinder end, substantially as set forth.

2. A rotary valve for internal combustion engine, comprising a tubular rotary member having inner transversely arranged channels, turning 135 in a ported casing constituted by means of two half-bearings, one half-bearing being free and yielding between the tubular valve member and acover closing the cylinder end, said half-bearing and cover having central coaxial bores, bearings supporting the rotary valve member at each end, a hollow cylindrical stopper fitting in said bores, a helical spring pressing the stopper against the .rotary valve member, said stopper having a'slotted projection fitting in a seat cut in the curved portion of the half-bearing, the other half-bearing tightly, enclosing the aforesaid one being bolted to the cylinder end, substantially as set forth.

120 JEAN VANDER ELST.

JOANNES FRANCISCUS BACKX. 

